[ < Back to the State Legality Matrix ]

Forced Reset Trigger Legal States (2026)

Statute-cited, last verified 2026-07-10

Forced reset triggers are restricted in 15 jurisdictions and legal in the remaining 36 states. The ban jurisdictions are California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, and Washington, D.C. No other state has a statute that reaches a one-pull-per-round FRT, so Texas, Florida, Arizona, Georgia, and the rest of the country are clear.

Under the 2025 DOJ settlement with Rare Breed Triggers, an FRT fires one round per trigger function and is not an NFA machine gun federally. That settlement covers rifles and grip-forward pistols; it does not extend to grip-fed handguns like Glock, S&W M&P, or Canik, whose federal FRT status remains less settled. State bans operate independently of federal law through broader machine-gun, trigger-activator, or rate-of-fire definitions, which is why a device legal under federal law can still be a felony to possess in a ban state.

The class carries real edge cases. Washington is not a ban state for FRTs even though it bans binary triggers, because its machine-gun definition only reaches mechanisms that do not require the trigger be pressed for each shot. Nevada and Rhode Island are listed as banned conservatively, but statutory coverage of a one-pull FRT is contested and untested in court. Colorado's rapid-fire device ban under SB25-003 has been in force since April 10, 2025; only the separate purchase-permit regime for specified semi-autos waits until August 1, 2026. Minnesota's FRT-reaching prong survived the May 2026 ruling that struck down its separate binary-trigger prong.

Where Forced Reset Triggers Are Banned

These 15 jurisdictions restrict forced reset triggers. Each row cites the statute or attorney-general guidance that reaches the device and the date the entry was last verified against primary sources.

StateStatusRuleStatute / Case
CaliforniaBannedFRTs are classified as prohibited multiburst trigger activators.Cal. Penal Code § 32900; § 16930 (definition)
ColoradoBannedRapid-fire devices, including FRTs, are dangerous weapons; possession is a class 5 felony. Effective 2025-04-10.Colo. Rev. Stat. §§ 18-12-101(1)(g.7) & 18-12-102 (SB25-003, 2025)
ConnecticutBannedProhibited as a rate of fire enhancement. Effective 2018-10-01.Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-206g
DelawareBannedReached by the rapid fire device prohibition alongside bump stocks and trigger cranks.11 Del. C. § 1444
HawaiiBannedProhibited as a multiburst trigger activator.Haw. Rev. Stat. § 134-8.5
IllinoisBannedTreated as machine guns by the Illinois Attorney General under the existing unlawful-use-of-weapons statute; PICA's rate-of-fire provision also reaches them.720 ILCS 5/24-1(a)(7); 720 ILCS 5/24-1.9
MarylandBannedProhibited as a rapid fire trigger activator. Effective 2018-10-01.Md. Code, Crim. Law § 4-305.1
MassachusettsBannedProhibited as a rapid-fire trigger activator under the 2024 firearms modernization act. Effective 2024-10-02.Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 140, § 121 (definition) & § 131M; St. 2024, c. 135
MinnesotaBannedProhibited as a trigger activator under the 2023 expanded definition. Effective 2023-08-01.Minn. Stat. § 609.67
NevadaBannedTreated as prohibited under the rate-of-fire device ban; statutory coverage of one-pull FRTs is contested. Effective 2020-01-01.Nev. Rev. Stat. § 202.274 (AB 291, 2019)
New JerseyBannedTreated as a prohibited machine gun under New Jersey's broad state definition.N.J. Stat. § 2C:39-1 (definition) & § 2C:39-5
New YorkBannedProhibited as a rapid-fire modification device.N.Y. Penal Law § 265.00(23) (definition) & § 265.01-c
OregonBannedProhibited as a rapid fire activator, with forced reset triggers named explicitly. Effective 2025-09-26.Or. Rev. Stat. § 166.352 (SB 243, 2025)
Rhode IslandBannedTreated as prohibited under Rhode Island's rapid-fire device bans; statutory coverage of one-pull FRTs is contested.R.I. Gen. Laws §§ 11-47-8(d) & 11-47-8.1
District of ColumbiaBannedReached by the District's broad machine-gun definition, which includes conversion parts.D.C. Code § 7-2501.01(10) (definition); § 22-4514

Where the notes matter

California

2025 Attorney General guidance expressly affirms FRTs fall within the § 16930 multiburst trigger activator definition; manufacture, sale, and possession are all prohibited.

Colorado

In force since signing on April 10, 2025 (the act carries a safety clause, so it took effect on approval). SB25-003 defines rapid-fire device broadly (any part or kit increasing a semiautomatic's rate of fire above standard) and adds it to the dangerous-weapons list. The separate August 1, 2026 date applies only to the specified-semiautomatic purchase-gating regime in § 18-12-116(2), not the device ban. No grandfather clause.

Connecticut

Enacted by P.A. 18-29, effective October 1, 2018. The definition expressly names binary trigger systems; forced reset triggers are not named, and coverage rests on the broader rate-of-fire-enhancement definition as enforced. Class D felony. Makers do not ship FRTs to Connecticut.

Delaware

The rapid fire device catch-all covers any device increasing rate of fire to mimic a machine gun; first offense is a class B misdemeanor, subsequent offenses a class E felony.

Hawaii

Bans bump fire stocks, multiburst trigger activators, and trigger cranks; class C felony.

Illinois

The Attorney General's office treats FRTs as banned under existing Illinois machine-gun law and sued over the 2025 federal settlement. SB1936 (the proposed Rafael Wordlaw Act, 104th GA) would write forced reset triggers into the machine-gun definition expressly but had NOT been enacted as of July 2026; do not cite it as enacted law.

Maryland

Bans transport, manufacture, possession, sale, and transfer; a narrow pre-October-2018 grandfather with ATF-authorization conditions exists, but there is no new lawful acquisition path.

Massachusetts

Chapter 135 of the Acts of 2024 defines and bans rapid-fire trigger activators; the Attorney General separately blocked return or sale of these devices in-state.

Minnesota

The 2023 amendment (2023 c 52 art 4 s 15) rewrote 'trigger activator' to capture recoil-harnessing devices that reset and continue firing without additional physical manipulation, reaching FRTs; felony with penalties up to 20 years. The May 2026 single-subject ruling in Minnesota Gun Owners Caucus v. Walz severed only the 2024 binary-trigger prong; this FRT-reaching prong survives, though it is untested in court as applied to one-pull FRTs.

Nevada

NRS 202.274 requires the device to eliminate the need for a separate trigger movement per shot AND materially increase rate of fire or approximate a machine gun. Whether a one-pull-per-round FRT meets the first element is contested and untested in court. Nevada joined the June 2025 multistate suit opposing the federal FRT settlement and makers do not ship to Nevada, so this cell stays conservative at banned; class D felony if covered.

New Jersey

New Jersey's machine-gun definition is broader than the federal NFA and the Attorney General treats FRTs as prohibited machine guns; trigger cranks and bump stocks are separately enumerated.

New York

The rapid-fire modification device definition covers devices designed to accelerate rate of fire and expressly reaches forced reset triggers; criminal possession is a class A misdemeanor.

Oregon

SB 243 (Community Safety Firearms Act) defines forced reset trigger by name within rapid fire activator; transport, manufacture, or transfer is a class B felony and possession a class A misdemeanor.

Rhode Island

The 2018 device ban names bump-fire devices, binary triggers, and trigger cranks and turns on enabling full-automatic fire; forced reset triggers are not named, and § 11-47-8.1(d) expressly preserves ordinary replacement triggers. Coverage of one-pull FRTs is contested and untested in court. Makers uniformly refuse to ship FRTs to Rhode Island; this cell stays conservative at banned.

District of Columbia

The machine-gun definition includes any combination of parts designed for converting a firearm to a machine gun; possession of machine guns and such parts is prohibited under § 22-4514.

Maine (legal)

Maine has no trigger-activator or rate-of-fire statute reaching forced reset triggers.

Michigan (legal)

Michigan has no machine-gun or trigger-activator statute reaching forced reset triggers.

New Mexico (legal)

No trigger-activator statute reaching FRTs as of verification; an active gun-control legislature makes this a state to monitor in future sessions.

Vermont (legal)

Vermont has no trigger-activator statute reaching forced reset triggers.

Virginia (legal)

Virginia's trigger-activator bump-stock statute (§ 18.2-308.5:1) targets recoil and bump devices; it has not been applied to one-pull-per-round FRTs as of verification.

Washington (legal)

RCW 9.41.010 defines machine gun as a mechanism not requiring that the trigger be pressed for each shot; an FRT still requires a trigger function per round, so it falls outside RCW 9.41.190. Binary triggers ARE effectively banned in WA (separate class).

Where Forced Reset Triggers Are Legal

Forced reset triggers are legal in the other 36 states, including Texas, Florida, Arizona, Georgia, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Washington, Maine, Michigan, and Vermont. None of these states has a trigger-activator or rate-of-fire statute that reaches a device firing one round per trigger function.

Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming.

Federal baseline

Under the 2025 DOJ settlement with Rare Breed Triggers, an FRT fires one round per trigger function and is not an NFA machine gun federally. The settlement covers rifles and grip-forward pistols; it does not extend to grip-fed handguns (Glock, S&W M&P, Canik), whose federal FRT status remains less settled. State bans operate independently of federal law through broader state machine-gun, trigger-activator, or rate-of-fire definitions.

Frequently Asked Questions

Are forced reset triggers legal in Texas?

Yes. Texas has no trigger-activator or rate-of-fire statute that reaches a forced reset trigger, and an FRT fires one round per trigger function, so it is not a machine gun under federal law after the 2025 DOJ settlement with Rare Breed Triggers. FRTs are legal to own in Texas.

Is Washington an FRT ban state?

No. Washington's machine-gun definition (RCW 9.41.010) only covers a mechanism that does not require the trigger be pressed for each shot, and a forced reset trigger still requires a trigger function per round, so it falls outside RCW 9.41.190. Note the asymmetry: Washington does ban binary triggers, which fire a round on release.

Does Nevada ban forced reset triggers?

Nevada is treated as a ban state, but coverage is contested. NRS 202.274 requires a device to eliminate the need for a separate trigger movement per shot and materially increase the rate of fire; whether a one-pull-per-round FRT meets the first element is untested in court. Nevada joined the June 2025 multistate suit opposing the federal FRT settlement and makers do not ship there, so the safe answer is that FRTs are effectively unavailable and legally risky in Nevada.

When did Colorado's forced reset trigger ban take effect?

April 10, 2025. Colorado SB25-003 carries a safety clause, so its rapid-fire device provisions took effect the day it was signed: possession is a class 5 felony under Colo. Rev. Stat. § 18-12-102 with no grandfather clause. The August 1, 2026 date in the same act applies only to the purchase-permit regime for specified semi-automatic firearms, not the device ban.

Are FRTs legal now that the 2025 federal case settled?

Federally, yes for rifles and grip-forward pistols. The 2025 DOJ settlement with Rare Breed Triggers confirms an FRT fires one round per trigger function and is not an NFA machine gun in those configurations. The settlement does not reach grip-fed handguns, and it does not override state bans; California, New York, Illinois, and the other 15 restricted jurisdictions still prohibit FRTs regardless of the federal outcome.

Is the AR Super Safety a forced reset trigger?

The Super Safety is a forced-reset selector, not a trigger, but it lives in the same legal class as forced reset triggers on this matrix and is restricted in the same 15 jurisdictions. States that ban rate-of-fire or trigger-activator devices, including California, New York, and Illinois, reach forced-reset selectors alongside FRTs.

Related coverage